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Depletion of florfenicol amine in tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) maintained in a recirculating aquaculture system following Aquaflor®-medicated feed therapy

Gaikowski, M.P., M.K. Whitsel, S. Charles, S.M. Schleis, L.S. Crouch, R.G. Endris. 2013. Depletion of florfenicol amine in tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) maintained in a recirculating aquaculture system following Aquaflor®-medicated feed therapy. Aquaculture Research. DOI:10.1111/are.12340

Abstract

Aquaflor® [50% w w⁻¹ florfenicol (FFC)], is approved for use in freshwater-reared warmwater finfish which include tilapia Oreochromis spp. in the United States to control mortality from Streptococcus iniae. The depletion of florfenicol amine (FFA), the marker residue of FFC, was evaluated after feeding FFC-medicated feed to deliver a nominal 20 mg FFC kg⁻¹ BW d⁻¹ dose (1.33× the label use of 15 mg FFC kg⁻¹ BW d⁻¹) to Nile tilapia O. niloticus and hybrid tilapia O. niloticus × O. aureus held in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) at production-scale holding densities. Florfenicol amine concentrations were determined in fillets taken from 10 fish before dosing and from 20 fish at nine time points after dosing (from 1 to 240 h post-dosing). Water samples were assayed for FFC before, during and after the dosing period. Parameters monitored included daily feed consumption and biofilter function (levels of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate). Mean fillet FFA concentration decreased from 13.77 μg g⁻¹ at 1-h post dosing to 0.39 μg g⁻¹ at 240-h post dosing. Water FFC concentration decreased from a maximum of 1400 ng mL⁻¹ at 1 day post-dosing to 847 ng mL⁻¹ at 240 h post-dosing. There were no adverse effects noted on fish, feed consumption or biofilter function associated with FFC-medicated feed administration to tilapia.

Keywords

AQUAFLOR® ; florfenicol; florfenicol amine; residue depletion; recirculating aquaculture system; tilapia