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Residues of the lampricides 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol and niclosamide in muscle tissue of rainbow trout

Hubert, T. D., Bernardy, J. A., Vue, C., Dawson, V. K., Boogaard, M. A., Schreier, T. M., and Gingerich, W. H., 2005, Residues of the lampricides 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol and niclosamide in muscle tissue of rainbow trout: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 53, no. 13, p. 5342-5346.

Abstract

Rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) were exposed to the C-14-labeled lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) (2.1 mg/L) or niclosamide (0.055 mg/L) in an aerated static water bath for 24 h. Fish were sacrificed immediately after exposure. Subsamples of skin-on muscle tissue were analyzed for residues of the lampricides. The primary residues in muscle tissue from fish exposed to TFM were parent TFM (1.08 ± 0.82 nmol/g) and TFM-glucuronide (0.44 ± 0.24 nmol/g). Muscle tissue from fish exposed to niclosamide contained niclosamide (1.42 ± 0.51 nmol/g), niclosamide-glucuronicle (0.0644 ± 0.0276 nmol/g), and a metabolite not previously reported, niclosamide sulfate ester (1.12 ± 0.33 nmol/g).

Keywords

TFM, TFM-Glucuronide, Niclosamide, Niclosamide-Glucuronide, Niclosamide-Sulfate, lampricide Residues, Rainbow Trout, Muscle, Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, In-Vivo Metabolism, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Routine Treatment, Salmo gairdneri, Rapid Loss, Fish, Disposition, Pentachlorophenol, Identification