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Wilcox, D. B. and K. W. Willis (1993). Identification of constraints on river regulation. Lock and Dam 9 near Lynxville, Wisconsin, Upper Mississippi River 9-foot channel project. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, St. Paul District, Special Report EMTC93S012.

The timing, amplitude, frequency, and duration of water level fluctuations and changes in current velocity greatly affect river life. On regulated rivers such as the Mississippi, water level and velocity fluctuations are caused by natural hydrologic events that change river discharge and by operation of water control structures. The Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) includes the Mississippi River upstream of the mouth of the Ohio River at Cairo, Illinois, to Minneapolis, Minnesota; the Illinois River; and navigable portions of the Kaskaskia, Black, St. Croix, and Minnesota Rivers. River regulation greatly influences habitat conditions in the river. Changes to the present system of river regulation could improve habitat conditions and ecological productivity of the UMRS. Any modifications to the existing regulation plans must be compatible with constraints on operation. The purpose of the report is to identify the constraints on regulation of Lock and Dam 9 in the Upper Mississippi River 9-foot channel navigation system.

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